chore: bump uv.lock and fix ruff 0.16 default-rule lint findings

uv.lock was stale (ty 0.0.50 -> 0.0.78, ruff 0.15 -> 0.16, polars, numpy,
typer, wandb, pytest, and others), all within existing pyproject.toml
bounds. ruff 0.16 widened its default rule selection, taking this repo
from 0 to 274 lint errors under the same config; --fix handled most of
it (import sorting, Optional[X] -> X | None, ...), and the remainder
(unused unpacked variables, dict()-as-literal, subprocess.run without
explicit check=, a couple of intentional broad excepts/naive datetimes)
were fixed or annotated by hand. Also fixes a real type-narrowing gap
ty 0.0.78 caught in test_config_consumed_keys.py's `or`-combined
isinstance check.

torch stays pinned to 2.3.x (deliberate, see CLAUDE.md); pyarrow's <25
ceiling is left as a separate decision.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01TMdZFqXXig7i3XkirSUxef

tests/test_transforms.py

@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@ import warnings
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
+
 from giant.cond_layout import AXIS_TYPES, CondLayout
 from giant.constants import COND_DIM, COND_DIM_BASE, K_MAX
 from giant.data.transforms import (
+    Normalizer,
+    _vectorized_map_lookup,
+    _WelfordAccumulator,
     build_cond_features,
     build_features,
     encode_secondaries,
@@ -14,12 +18,9 @@ from giant.data.transforms import (
     inv_log_transform,
     local_frame_rotation,
     log_transform,
-    Normalizer,
     reconstruct_post_pos,
     sorted_membership,
     travel_direction,
-    _vectorized_map_lookup,
-    _WelfordAccumulator,
 )