Gabriele Cosmo
440 lines
16 KiB
C++
440 lines
16 KiB
C++
//
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// ********************************************************************
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// * License and Disclaimer *
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// * *
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// * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of *
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// * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and *
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// * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file *
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// * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These *
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// * include a list of copyright holders. *
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// * *
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// * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing *
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// * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this *
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// * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, *
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// * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its *
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// * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above *
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// * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. *
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// * *
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// * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and *
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// * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. *
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// * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or *
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// * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its *
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// * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your *
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// * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. *
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// ********************************************************************
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//
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//
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// $Id: G4IonisParamMat.cc,v 1.20 2007/09/27 14:05:47 vnivanch Exp $
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// GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-01 $
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//
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//
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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// 09-07-98, data moved from G4Material, M.Maire
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// 18-07-98, bug corrected in ComputeDensityEffect() for gas
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// 16-01-01, bug corrected in ComputeDensityEffect() E100eV (L.Urban)
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// 08-02-01, fShellCorrectionVector correctly handled (mma)
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// 28-10-02, add setMeanExcitationEnergy (V.Ivanchenko)
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// 06-09-04, factor 2 to shell correction term (V.Ivanchenko)
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// 10-05-05, add a missing coma in FindMeanExcitationEnergy() - Bug#746 (mma)
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// 27-09-07, add computation of parameters for ions (V.Ivanchenko)
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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#include "G4IonisParamMat.hh"
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#include "G4Material.hh"
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#include "G4NistManager.hh"
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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G4IonisParamMat::G4IonisParamMat(G4Material* material)
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: fMaterial(material)
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{
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ComputeMeanParameters();
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ComputeDensityEffect();
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ComputeFluctModel();
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ComputeIonParameters();
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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// Fake default constructor - sets only member data and allocates memory
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// for usage restricted to object persistency
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G4IonisParamMat::G4IonisParamMat(__void__&)
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: fMaterial(0), fShellCorrectionVector(0)
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{
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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void G4IonisParamMat::ComputeMeanParameters()
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{
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// compute mean excitation energy and shell correction vector
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fTaul = (*(fMaterial->GetElementVector()))[0]->GetIonisation()->GetTaul();
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fMeanExcitationEnergy = 0.;
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fLogMeanExcEnergy = 0.;
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for (size_t i=0; i < fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements(); i++) {
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fLogMeanExcEnergy +=
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(fMaterial->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume())[i]
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*((*(fMaterial->GetElementVector()))[i]->GetZ())
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*std::log((*(fMaterial->GetElementVector()))[i]->GetIonisation()
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->GetMeanExcitationEnergy());
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}
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fLogMeanExcEnergy /= fMaterial->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume();
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fMeanExcitationEnergy = std::exp(fLogMeanExcEnergy);
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fShellCorrectionVector = new G4double[3]; //[3]
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for (G4int j=0; j<=2; j++)
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{
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fShellCorrectionVector[j] = 0.;
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for (size_t k=0; k<fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements(); k++) {
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fShellCorrectionVector[j] += (fMaterial->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume())[k]
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*((*(fMaterial->GetElementVector()))[k]->GetIonisation()
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->GetShellCorrectionVector()[j]);
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}
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fShellCorrectionVector[j] *= 2.0/fMaterial->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume();
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}
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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void G4IonisParamMat::ComputeDensityEffect()
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{
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// Compute parameters for the density effect correction in DE/Dx formula.
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// The parametrization is from R.M. Sternheimer, Phys. Rev.B,3:3681 (1971)
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const G4double Cd2 = 4*pi*hbarc_squared*classic_electr_radius;
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const G4double twoln10 = 2.*std::log(10.);
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G4int icase;
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fCdensity = 1. + std::log(fMeanExcitationEnergy*fMeanExcitationEnergy
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/(Cd2*fMaterial->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume()));
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//
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// condensed materials
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//
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G4State State = fMaterial->GetState();
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if ((State == kStateSolid)||(State == kStateLiquid)) {
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const G4double E100eV = 100.*eV;
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const G4double ClimiS[] = {3.681 , 5.215 };
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const G4double X0valS[] = {1.0 , 1.5 };
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const G4double X1valS[] = {2.0 , 3.0 };
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if(fMeanExcitationEnergy < E100eV) icase = 0;
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else icase = 1;
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if(fCdensity < ClimiS[icase]) fX0density = 0.2;
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else fX0density = 0.326*fCdensity-X0valS[icase];
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fX1density = X1valS[icase] ; fMdensity = 3.0;
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//special: Hydrogen
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if ((fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements()==1)&&(fMaterial->GetZ()==1.)) {
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fX0density = 0.425; fX1density = 2.0; fMdensity = 5.949;
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}
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}
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//
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// gases
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//
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if (State == kStateGas) {
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const G4double ClimiG[] = { 10. , 10.5 , 11. , 11.5 , 12.25 , 13.804};
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const G4double X0valG[] = { 1.6 , 1.7 , 1.8 , 1.9 , 2.0 , 2.0 };
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const G4double X1valG[] = { 4.0 , 4.0 , 4.0 , 4.0 , 4.0 , 5.0 };
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icase = 5;
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fX0density = 0.326*fCdensity-2.5 ; fX1density = 5.0 ; fMdensity = 3. ;
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while((icase > 0)&&(fCdensity < ClimiG[icase])) icase-- ;
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fX0density = X0valG[icase] ; fX1density = X1valG[icase] ;
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//special: Hydrogen
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if ((fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements()==1)&&(fMaterial->GetZ()==1.)) {
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fX0density = 1.837; fX1density = 3.0; fMdensity = 4.754;
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}
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//special: Helium
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if ((fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements()==1)&&(fMaterial->GetZ()==2.)) {
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fX0density = 2.191; fX1density = 3.0; fMdensity = 3.297;
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}
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// change parameters if the gas is not in STP.
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// For the correction the density(STP) is needed.
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// Density(STP) is calculated here :
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G4double Density = fMaterial->GetDensity();
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G4double Pressure = fMaterial->GetPressure();
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G4double Temp = fMaterial->GetTemperature();
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G4double DensitySTP = Density*STP_Pressure*Temp/(Pressure*STP_Temperature);
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G4double ParCorr = std::log(Density/DensitySTP);
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fCdensity -= ParCorr;
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fX0density -= ParCorr/twoln10;
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fX1density -= ParCorr/twoln10;
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}
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G4double Xa = fCdensity/twoln10;
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fAdensity = twoln10*(Xa-fX0density)
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/std::pow((fX1density-fX0density),fMdensity);
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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void G4IonisParamMat::ComputeFluctModel()
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{
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// compute parameters for the energy loss fluctuation model
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// need an 'effective Z' ?????
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G4double Zeff = 0.;
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for (size_t i=0;i<fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements();i++)
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Zeff += (fMaterial->GetFractionVector())[i]
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*((*(fMaterial->GetElementVector()))[i]->GetZ());
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if (Zeff > 2.) fF2fluct = 2./Zeff ;
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else fF2fluct = 0.;
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fF1fluct = 1. - fF2fluct;
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fEnergy2fluct = 10.*Zeff*Zeff*eV;
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fLogEnergy2fluct = std::log(fEnergy2fluct);
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fLogEnergy1fluct = (fLogMeanExcEnergy - fF2fluct*fLogEnergy2fluct)
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/fF1fluct;
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fEnergy1fluct = std::exp(fLogEnergy1fluct);
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fEnergy0fluct = 10.*eV;
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fRateionexcfluct = 0.4;
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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void G4IonisParamMat::ComputeIonParameters()
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{
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// compute parameters for ion transport
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// The aproximation from:
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// J.F.Ziegler, J.P. Biersack, U. Littmark
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// The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter,
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// Vol.1, Pergamon Press, 1985
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// Fast ions or hadrons
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static G4double vFermi[92] = {
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1.0309, 0.15976, 0.59782, 1.0781, 1.0486, 1.0, 1.058, 0.93942, 0.74562, 0.3424,
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0.45259, 0.71074, 0.90519, 0.97411, 0.97184, 0.89852, 0.70827, 0.39816, 0.36552, 0.62712,
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0.81707, 0.9943, 1.1423, 1.2381, 1.1222, 0.92705, 1.0047, 1.2, 1.0661, 0.97411,
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0.84912, 0.95, 1.0903, 1.0429, 0.49715, 0.37755, 0.35211, 0.57801, 0.77773, 1.0207,
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1.029, 1.2542, 1.122, 1.1241, 1.0882, 1.2709, 1.2542, 0.90094, 0.74093, 0.86054,
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0.93155, 1.0047, 0.55379, 0.43289, 0.32636, 0.5131, 0.695, 0.72591, 0.71202, 0.67413,
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0.71418, 0.71453, 0.5911, 0.70263, 0.68049, 0.68203, 0.68121, 0.68532, 0.68715, 0.61884,
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0.71801, 0.83048, 1.1222, 1.2381, 1.045, 1.0733, 1.0953, 1.2381, 1.2879, 0.78654,
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0.66401, 0.84912, 0.88433, 0.80746, 0.43357, 0.41923, 0.43638, 0.51464, 0.73087, 0.81065,
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1.9578, 1.0257} ;
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static G4double lFactor[92] = {
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1.0, 1.0, 1.1, 1.06, 1.01, 1.03, 1.04, 0.99, 0.95, 0.9,
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0.82, 0.81, 0.83, 0.88, 1.0, 0.95, 0.97, 0.99, 0.98, 0.97,
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0.98, 0.97, 0.96, 0.93, 0.91, 0.9, 0.88, 0.9, 0.9, 0.9,
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0.9, 0.85, 0.9, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 0.9,
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0.9, 0.88, 0.9, 0.88, 0.88, 0.9, 0.9, 0.88, 0.9, 0.9,
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0.9, 0.9, 0.96, 1.2, 0.9, 0.88, 0.88, 0.85, 0.9, 0.9,
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0.92, 0.95, 0.99, 1.03, 1.05, 1.07, 1.08, 1.1, 1.08, 1.08,
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1.08, 1.08, 1.09, 1.09, 1.1, 1.11, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15,
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1.17, 1.2, 1.18, 1.17, 1.17, 1.16, 1.16, 1.16, 1.16, 1.16,
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1.16, 1.16} ;
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// get elements in the actual material,
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const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = fMaterial->GetElementVector() ;
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const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector =
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fMaterial->GetAtomicNumDensityVector() ;
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const G4int NumberOfElements = fMaterial->GetNumberOfElements() ;
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// loop for the elements in the material
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// to find out average values Z, vF, lF
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G4double z = 0.0, vF = 0.0, lF = 0.0, norm = 0.0 ;
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if( 1 == NumberOfElements ) {
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z = fMaterial->GetZ() ;
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G4int iz = G4int(z) - 1 ;
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if(iz < 0) iz = 0 ;
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else if(iz > 91) iz = 91 ;
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vF = vFermi[iz] ;
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lF = lFactor[iz] ;
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} else {
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for (G4int iel=0; iel<NumberOfElements; iel++)
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{
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const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[iel] ;
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G4double z2 = element->GetZ() ;
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const G4double weight = theAtomicNumDensityVector[iel] ;
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norm += weight ;
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z += z2 * weight ;
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G4int iz = G4int(z2) - 1 ;
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if(iz < 0) iz = 0 ;
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else if(iz > 91) iz =91 ;
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vF += vFermi[iz] * weight ;
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lF += lFactor[iz] * weight ;
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}
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z /= norm ;
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vF /= norm ;
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lF /= norm ;
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}
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fZeff = z;
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fLfactor = lF;
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fFermiEnergy = 25.*keV*vF*vF;
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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void G4IonisParamMat::SetMeanExcitationEnergy(G4double value)
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{
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if(value == fMeanExcitationEnergy || value <= 0.0) return;
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if (G4NistManager::Instance()->GetVerbose() > 0)
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G4cout << "G4Material: Mean excitation energy is changed for "
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<< fMaterial->GetName()
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<< " Iold= " << fMeanExcitationEnergy/eV
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<< "eV; Inew= " << value/eV << " eV;"
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<< G4endl;
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fMeanExcitationEnergy = value;
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fLogMeanExcEnergy = std::log(value);
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ComputeDensityEffect();
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ComputeFluctModel();
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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G4double G4IonisParamMat::FindMeanExcitationEnergy(const G4String& chFormula)
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{
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// The data on mean excitation energy for compaunds
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// from "Stopping Powers for Electrons and Positrons"
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// ICRU Report N#37, 1984 (energy in eV)
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const size_t numberOfMolecula = 79 ;
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static G4String name[numberOfMolecula] = {
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// gas
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"NH_3", "C_4H_10", "CO_2", "C_2H_6", "C_7H_16",
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"C_6H_14", "CH_4", "NO", "N_2O", "C_8H_18",
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"C_5H_12", "C_3H_8", "H_2O-Gas",
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// liquid
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"C_3H_6O", "C_6H_5NH_2", "C_6H_6", "C_4H_9OH", "CCl_4",
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"C_6H_5Cl", "CHCl_3", "C_6H_12", "C_6H_4Cl_2", "C_4Cl_2H_8O",
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"C_2Cl_2H_4", "(C_2H_5)_2O", "C_2H_5OH", "C_3H_5(OH)_3","C_7H_16",
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"C_6H_14", "CH_3OH", "C_6H_5NO_2","C_5H_12", "C_3H_7OH",
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"C_5H_5N", "C_8H_8", "C_2Cl_4", "C_7H_8", "C_2Cl_3H",
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"H_2O", "C_8H_10",
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//solid
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"C_5H_5N_5", "C_5H_5N_5O", "(C_6H_11NO)-nylon", "C_25H_52",
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"(C_2H_4)-Polyethylene", "(C_5H_8O-2)-Polymethil_Methacrylate",
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"(C_8H_8)-Polystyrene", "A-150-tissue", "Al_2O_3", "CaF_2",
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"LiF", "Photo_Emulsion", "(C_2F_4)-Teflon", "SiO_2"
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} ;
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static G4double meanExcitation[numberOfMolecula] = {
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53.7, 48.3, 85.0, 45.4, 49.2,
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49.1, 41.7, 87.8, 84.9, 49.5,
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48.2, 47.1, 71.6,
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64.2, 66.2, 63.4, 59.9, 166.3,
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89.1, 156.0, 56.4, 106.5, 103.3,
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111.9, 60.0, 62.9, 72.6, 54.4,
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54.0, 67.6, 75.8, 53.6, 61.1,
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66.2, 64.0, 159.2, 62.5, 148.1,
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75.0, 61.8,
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71.4, 75.0, 63.9, 48.3, 57.4,
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74.0, 68.7, 65.1, 145.2, 166.,
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94.0, 331.0, 99.1, 139.2
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} ;
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G4double x = fMeanExcitationEnergy;
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for(size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; i++) {
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if(chFormula == name[i]) {
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x = meanExcitation[i]*eV;
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break;
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}
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}
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return x;
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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G4IonisParamMat::~G4IonisParamMat()
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{
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if (fShellCorrectionVector) delete [] fShellCorrectionVector;
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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G4IonisParamMat::G4IonisParamMat(const G4IonisParamMat& right)
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{
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*this = right;
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}
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//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
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const G4IonisParamMat& G4IonisParamMat::operator=(const G4IonisParamMat& right)
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{
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if (this != &right)
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{
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fMaterial = right.fMaterial;
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fMeanExcitationEnergy = right.fMeanExcitationEnergy;
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fLogMeanExcEnergy = right.fLogMeanExcEnergy;
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if (fShellCorrectionVector) delete [] fShellCorrectionVector;
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fShellCorrectionVector = new G4double[3];
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fShellCorrectionVector[0] = right.fShellCorrectionVector[0];
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fShellCorrectionVector[1] = right.fShellCorrectionVector[1];
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fShellCorrectionVector[2] = right.fShellCorrectionVector[2];
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fTaul = right.fTaul;
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fCdensity = right.fCdensity;
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fMdensity = right.fMdensity;
|
|
fAdensity = right.fAdensity;
|
|
fX0density = right.fX0density;
|
|
fX1density = right.fX1density;
|
|
fF1fluct = right.fF1fluct;
|
|
fF2fluct = right.fF2fluct;
|
|
fEnergy1fluct = right.fEnergy1fluct;
|
|
fLogEnergy1fluct = right.fLogEnergy1fluct;
|
|
fEnergy2fluct = right.fEnergy2fluct;
|
|
fLogEnergy2fluct = right.fLogEnergy2fluct;
|
|
fEnergy0fluct = right.fEnergy0fluct;
|
|
fRateionexcfluct = right.fRateionexcfluct;
|
|
}
|
|
return *this;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
|
|
|
|
G4int G4IonisParamMat::operator==(const G4IonisParamMat& right) const
|
|
{
|
|
return (this == (G4IonisParamMat*) &right);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
|
|
|
|
G4int G4IonisParamMat::operator!=(const G4IonisParamMat& right) const
|
|
{
|
|
return (this != (G4IonisParamMat*) &right);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... ....oooOO0OOooo....
|
|
|