Gabriele Cosmo
184 lines
6.5 KiB
Plaintext
184 lines
6.5 KiB
Plaintext
$Id: README,v 1.7 2007/11/09 17:35:06 maire Exp $
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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=========================================================
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Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
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=========================================================
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TestEm12
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--------
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How to plot a depth dose profile in spherical geometry.
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1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
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The geometry consists of a single sphere of an homogenous material.
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Optionally, the sphere can be divided in thin shells.
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3 parameters define the geometry :
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- the material of the sphere,
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- the radius of the sphere (absorRadius),
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- the number of shells (nbOfLayers)
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In addition a transverse uniform magnetic field can be applied.
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The default geometry is constructed in DetectorConstruction class,
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but all of the above parameters can be changed interactively via
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the commands defined in the DetectorMessenger class.
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2- PHYSICS LIST
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The particle list is the one of novice/exampleN02.
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The physics list contains the 'standard' electromagnetic processes,
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and decay.
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Few commands have been added to PhysicsList, in order to set the
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production threshold for secondaries either in range for gamma, e-/e+.
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3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
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The primary kinematic consists of a single particle randomly shooted at
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the centre of the sphere. The type of the particle and its energy are set
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in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can be changed via the G4
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build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with
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this example).
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In addition one can desactivate the randomness of the direction of the
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incident particle. The corresponding interactive command is built in
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PrimaryGeneratorMessenger class.
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A RUN is a set of events.
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4- VISUALIZATION
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The Visualization Manager is set in the main().
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The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands
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/vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visualisation:
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> /control/execute vis.mac
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The detector has a default view which is a longitudinal view of the
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box.
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The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
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Optionaly one can choose to draw all particles, only the charged one,
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or none. This command is defined in EventActionMessenger class.
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5- HOW TO START ?
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- compile and link to generate an executable
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% cd geant4/examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm1
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% gmake
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- execute TestEm12 in 'batch' mode from macro files
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% TestEm12 run01.mac
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- execute TestEm12 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
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% TestEm12
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....
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Idle> type your commands
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....
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Idle> exit
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6- TRACKING and STEP MAX
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Testem12 computes the total energy deposited along the trajectory of
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the incident particle : the so-called longitudinal energy profile,
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or depth dose distribution.
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The energy deposited (edep) is randomly distribued along the step (see
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SteppingAction).
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In order to control the accuracy of the deposition, the maximum step size
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of charged particles is computed automatically from the binning of
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histograms 1 and 8 (see HistoManager).
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As an example, this limitation is implemented as a 'full' process :
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see StepMax class and its Messenger. The 'StepMax process' is registered
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in the Physics List.
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In RunAction::BeginOfRun() the stepMax value is passed from the
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HistoManager to the StepMax process.
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A boolean UI command allows to desactivate this mechanism.
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7- HISTOGRAMS
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Testem12 has several predefined 1D histograms :
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1 : energy profile dE/dr (in MeV/mm per event)
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2 : total energy deposited in the absorber
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3 : total track length of the primary track
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4 : step size of the primary track
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5 : projected range of the primary track
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6 : total track length of charged secondary tracks
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7 : step size of charged secondary tracks
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8 : normalized energy profile d(E/E0)/d(r/r0), where r0 is the range of
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the primary particle of energy E0
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The histograms are managed by the HistoManager class and its Messenger.
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The histos can be individually activated with the command :
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/testem/histo/setHisto id nbBins valMin valMax unit
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where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, deg or mrad, etc..)
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One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
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/testem/histo/setFileName name (default testem12)
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It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file (hbook, root, XML)
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with the command /testem/histo/setFileType (hbook by default)
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It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
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/testem/histo/printHisto id
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All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default testem12)
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Note that, by default, histograms are disabled. To activate them, uncomment
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the flag G4ANALYSIS_USE in GNUmakefile.
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8- USING HISTOGRAMS
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To use histograms, at least one of the AIDA implementations should be
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available (see http://aida.freehep.org).
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8a - PI
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A package including AIDA and extended interfaces also using Python is PI,
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available from: http://cern.ch/pi
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Once installed PI or PI-Lite in a specified local area $MYPY, it is required
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to add the installation path to $PATH, i.e. for example, for release 1.2.1 of
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PI:
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setenv PATH ${PATH}:$MYPI/1.2.1/app/releases/PI/PI_1_2_1/rh73_gcc32/bin
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CERN users can use the PATH to the LCG area on AFS.
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Before running the example the command should be issued:
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eval `aida-config --runtime csh`
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8b - OpenScientist
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OpenScientist is available at http://OpenScientist.lal.in2p3.fr.
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You have to "setup" the OpenScientist AIDA implementation before compiling
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(then with G4ANALYSIS_USE set) and running your Geant4 application.
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On UNIX you setup, with a csh flavoured shell :
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csh> source <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.csh
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or with a sh flavoured shell :
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sh> . <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.sh
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On Windows :
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DOS> call <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.bat
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You can use various file formats for writing (AIDA-XML, hbook, root).
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These formats are readable by the Lab onx interactive program
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or the OpenPAW application. See the web pages.
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With OpenPAW, on a run.hbook file, one can view the histograms
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with something like :
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OS> opaw
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opaw> h/file 1 run.hbook ( or opaw> h/file 1 run.aida or run.root)
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opaw> zone 2 2
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opaw> h/plot 1
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opaw> h/plot 2
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