Gabriele Cosmo
161 lines
6.4 KiB
Plaintext
161 lines
6.4 KiB
Plaintext
qYY$Id: README,v 1.13 2007/06/06 19:11:20 pia Exp $
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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=========================================================
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Geant4 - human_phantom example
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=========================================================
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README
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-----------------------
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Authors: S. Guatelli (guatelli@ge.infn.it) and M. G. Pia (pia@ge.infn.it),
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INFN Genova, Italy.
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------> Introduction
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The human_phantom example models anthropomorphic phantoms for
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Geant4 simulations.
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Two models are available: MIRD [1] and ORNL [2] (Male and Female for each approach).
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[1] W.S. Snyder, et al, "MIRD Pamphlet No. 5 Revised, Estimates of
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absorbed fractions for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed
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in various organs of a heterogeneous phantom",
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J. Nucl. Med. Suppl., no. 3, pp. 5-52, 1969.
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[2] M. Cristy and K. F. Eckerman, "Specific absorbed fractions of energy
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at various ages from internal photon sources", ORNL/TM-8381/VI, Apr. 1987.
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The example is based on code developed by the undergraduate student
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G. Guerrieri.
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Note: this is a preliminary beta-version of the code; an improved
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version will be distributed in the next Geant4 public release, compliant
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with the design in a forthcoming publication, and subject to a design
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and code review.
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NOTE: At the moment this advanced example is executed correctly with geantino
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particles as primary particles; it is not executed correctly with other primary particle types.
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This is due to an internal Geant4 bug concerning ellipsoids.
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For details look at the Geant4 Bug Report #914. This problem is taken under
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care by the Geant4 Collaboration.
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-----> Geometry
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The process of building a phantom is handled through the Builder
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design pattern.
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The creation of coherent models of the human phantom is handled through
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an Abstract Factory design pattern.
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The organs of the MIRD phantom are implemented in hard-code; the organs of
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the ORNL phantom are handled through GDML (Geometry Description Markup Language, www.cern.ch/gdml). The materials of the MIRD model are defined in the
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class G4HumanPhantomMaterial. The materials of the ORNL model are defined in
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the GDML files.
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*** Parameterized breast ***
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MIRD Female model: a breast is analytical and derives from the MIRD
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anthropomorphic phantom; the other breast derives from the model [3] and
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it is voxelised.
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[3] D.R. Dance and R. A. Hunt, "Voxel breast phantom to represent breasts
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of different sizes and glandularities for use with a Monte Carlo simulation
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program", Report RMTPC 02/1005.
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-----> Physics
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Particles: e-, e+, photon, geantino
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Physics list: electromagnetic processes are active for photons, e- and e+
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The threshold of production of secondary particles is set to 0.1 * mm.
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-----> Primary particles
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The primary particles are geantino.
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UI commands:
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/gun/energy energy : to change the energy of primary particles
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/gun/particle particle_type : to change the type of primary particle
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/gun/setBeam beamAlongX : generate a primary particle beam along the X axis
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/gun/setBeam beamAlongY : generate a primary particle beam along the Y axis
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/gun/setBeam beamAlongZ : generate a primary particle beam along the Y axis
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/gun/setBeam isotropicFlux : generate a primary particle with random direction,
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from a random point.
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-----> Energy deposit
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The energy deposit is calculated in the organs of the phantom.
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At the end of the execution of the simulation the summary of the total energy deposit in
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each organ is print out.
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The user can set the sensitivity of each organ interactively through the UI command:
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/bodypart/addBodyPart organName yes
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(see adultFemale.mac as example)
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If the sensitivity is not set ( /bodypart/addBodyPart organName no ),
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the energy deposit is not calculated in the specific organ.
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The energy deposit is calculated in each voxel of the parameterised breast.
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-----> Analysis
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output file: g4humanphantom.hbk containing
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1D histogram id=10: Particle Path Distribution (cm)
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2D histogram id=20: Particle Projection XY (cm, cm)
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2D histogram id=30: Particle Projection YZ (cm, cm)
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2D histogram id=40: Particle Projection ZX (cm, cm)
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2D histogram id=50: Energy Deposit (MeV, y axis) in Body Part (x axis)
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2D histogram id=100: Edep(MeV) in the parameterized breast, x= slice, y= sector
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----> Macro files: example of different human phantoms
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default.mac is executed by default in the simulation
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adultMIRDFemale.mac: example to define a MIRD female human phantom
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adultMIRDMale.mac: example to define a MIRD male human phantom
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adultHead.mac: example how to define one piece of the anatomy
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adultORNLFemale.mac: example to define a ORNL female human phantom
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adultORNLMale.mac: example to define a ORNL male human phantom
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adultMIXFemale.mac : example of MIRD human female phantom with
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parameterised breast
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-----> Setup
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Example enviroment with the compiler gcc-3.2.3, on the Linux platform
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A standard Geant4 example GNUmakefile is provided.
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The following environment variables need to be set:
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G4LEDATA : points to low energy data base
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set G4ANALYSIS_USE equal to 1 to activate the analysis
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- Install the GDML package with Geant4 extensions and Xerces
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See: http://cern.ch/gdml.
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- Set the environment variable GDML_BASE to point to the area where
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GDML is installed.
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- Set the environment variable XERCESCROOT to point to the area where
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Xerces is installed.
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- Add to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH the $XERCESCROOT/lib
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- IMPORTANT!!!! Customize the '*.gdml' schema file in the directories
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gdmlData/Female and gdmlData/Male, specifying in the top line the
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right path where to retrieve the main GDML schema file.
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- Analysis set-up: AIDA 3.2.1, PI 1.3.3
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Users can download the analysis tools from:
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http://aida.freehep.org/
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http://www.cern.ch/PI
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- Compile and link to generate an executable:
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% gmake
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- Execute the application:
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% phantom
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- Default macro: adultFemale.mac (MIRD, Female model)
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- Other macros: adultMale.mac (MIRD, Male model)
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adultORNLFemale.mac (ORNL, Female model)
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adultORNLMale.mac (ORNL, Male model)
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- Visualization macros: vrmlVis.mac, dawnVis.mac, openGLVis.mac, noVis.mac
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- Run particles: run.mac
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