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geant4/source/processes/electromagnetic/standard/src/G4hIonisation52.cc
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//
// ********************************************************************
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// * *
// * The following disclaimer summarizes all the specific disclaimers *
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// * govern, are listed with their locations in: *
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// * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its *
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// * This code implementation is the intellectual property of the *
// * GEANT4 collaboration. *
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//
//
// $Id: G4hIonisation52.cc,v 1.4 2004/12/01 19:37:16 vnivanch Exp $
// GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-08-00 $
//
//---------------- G4hIonisation52 physics process -------------------------------
// by Laszlo Urban, 30 May 1997
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// corrected by L.Urban on 24/09/97
// several bugs corrected by L.Urban on 13/01/98
// 07-04-98 remove 'tracking cut' of the ionizing particle, mma
// 22-10-98 cleanup L.Urban
// 02-02-99 bugs fixed , L.Urban
// 29-07-99 correction in BuildLossTable for low energy, L.Urban
// 10-02-00 modifications , new e.m. structure, L.Urban
// 10-08-00 V.Ivanchenko change BuildLambdaTable, in order to
// simulate energy losses of ions; correction to
// cross section for particles with spin 1 is inserted as well
// 28-05-01 V.Ivanchenko minor changes to provide ANSI -wall compilation
// 10-08-01 new methods Store/Retrieve PhysicsTable (mma)
// 14-08-01 new function ComputeRestrictedMeandEdx() + 'cleanup' (mma)
// 29-08-01 PostStepDoIt: correction for spin 1/2 (instead of 1) (mma)
// 17-09-01 migration of Materials to pure STL (mma)
// 25-09-01 completion of RetrievePhysicsTable() (mma)
// 29-10-01 all static functions no more inlined
// 08-11-01 Charge renamed zparticle; added to the dedx
// 27-03-02 Bug fix in scaling of lambda table (V.Ivanchenko)
// 09-04-02 Update calculation of tables for GenericIons (V.Ivanchenko)
// 10-06-02 bug fixed for stopping hadrons (V.Ivanchenko)
// 15-01-03 Migrade to cut per region (V.Ivanchenko)
// 10-03-03 Use SubType for GenericIons (V.Ivanchenko)
// 07-04-03 Fix problem of several runs (V.Ivanchenko)
// 08-04-03 finalRange is region aware (V.Ivanchenko)
// 17-04-03 fix problem of hadron tests (V.Ivanchenko)
// 26-04-03 fix problems of retrieve tables (V.Ivanchenko)
// 08-08-03 This class is frozen at the release 5.2 (V.Ivanchenko)
// 08-11-04 Remove of Store/Retrieve tables (V.Ivantchenko)
//
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
#include "G4hIonisation52.hh"
#include "G4ProcessManager.hh"
#include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
#include "G4EnergyLossTables.hh"
#include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh"
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4double G4hIonisation52::LowerBoundLambda = 1.*keV;
G4double G4hIonisation52::UpperBoundLambda = 100.*TeV;
G4int G4hIonisation52::NbinLambda = 100;
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
using namespace std;
G4hIonisation52::G4hIonisation52(const G4String& processName)
: G4VhEnergyLoss(processName),
theMeanFreePathTable(0),
Tmincut(1*keV)
{
verboseLevel = 0;
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4hIonisation52::~G4hIonisation52()
{
if (theMeanFreePathTable) {
theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy(); delete theMeanFreePathTable;}
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::SetLowerBoundLambda(G4double val)
{LowerBoundLambda = val;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::SetUpperBoundLambda(G4double val)
{UpperBoundLambda = val;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::SetNbinLambda(G4int n)
{NbinLambda = n;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4double G4hIonisation52::GetLowerBoundLambda()
{return LowerBoundLambda;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4double G4hIonisation52::GetUpperBoundLambda()
{return UpperBoundLambda;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4int G4hIonisation52::GetNbinLambda()
{return NbinLambda;}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::BuildPhysicsTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
// just call BuildLossTable+BuildLambdaTable
{
if(verboseLevel > 0) {
G4cout << "G4hIonisation52::BuildPhysicsTable for "
<< aParticleType.GetParticleName()
<< " mass(MeV)= " << aParticleType.GetPDGMass()/MeV
<< " charge= " << aParticleType.GetPDGCharge()/eplus
<< " type= " << aParticleType.GetParticleType()
<< G4endl;
if(verboseLevel > 1) {
G4cout << " MFPtable= " << theMeanFreePathTable
<< " DEDXtable= " << theDEDXpTable
<< " iniMass= " << initialMass
<< G4endl;
}
}
if(aParticleType.GetParticleType() == "nucleus" &&
aParticleType.GetParticleName() != "GenericIon" &&
aParticleType.GetParticleSubType() == "generic")
{
G4EnergyLossTables::Register(&aParticleType,
theDEDXpTable,
theRangepTable,
theInverseRangepTable,
theLabTimepTable,
theProperTimepTable,
LowestKineticEnergy, HighestKineticEnergy,
proton_mass_c2/aParticleType.GetPDGMass(),
TotBin);
return;
}
// get bining from EnergyLoss
LowestKineticEnergy = GetLowerBoundEloss();
HighestKineticEnergy = GetUpperBoundEloss();
TotBin = GetNbinEloss();
const G4ParticleDefinition* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
G4bool makeTables = false;
if (aParticleType.GetPDGCharge() > 0.)
{
if( CutsWhereModified() || !theDEDXpTable )
{
BuildLossTable(*theProton);
RecorderOfpProcess[0] = (*this).theLossTable;
// CounterOfpProcess++;
makeTables = true;
}
}
else
{
if( CutsWhereModified() || !theDEDXpbarTable )
{
BuildLossTable(*(G4AntiProton::AntiProton())) ;
RecorderOfpProcess[0] = (*this).theLossTable;
// CounterOfpbarProcess++;
makeTables = true;
}
}
BuildLambdaTable(aParticleType);
if( makeTables ) BuildDEDXTable(aParticleType);
if(2 < verboseLevel) {
G4cout << "MeanFreePathTable is built for "
<< aParticleType.GetParticleName() << G4endl;
G4cout << (*theMeanFreePathTable) << G4endl;
}
if (&aParticleType == theProton) PrintInfoDefinition();
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::BuildLossTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
{
if(0 < verboseLevel) {
G4cout << "G4hIonisation52::BuildLossTable() for process "
<< GetProcessName() << " and particle "
<< aParticleType.GetParticleName() << G4endl;
}
const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
if (theLossTable) {theLossTable->clearAndDestroy(); delete theLossTable;}
theLossTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples);
secondaryEnergyCuts = theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1);
// loop for materials
//
for (size_t J=0; J<numOfCouples; J++)
{
// create physics vector and fill it
G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(
LowestKineticEnergy, HighestKineticEnergy, TotBin);
const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(J);
const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
// get electron cut in kinetic energy for the material
G4double DeltaThreshold = SecondaryEnergyThreshold(J);
// now comes the loop for the kinetic energy values
//
for (G4int i = 0 ; i < TotBin ; i++)
{
G4double dEdx = ComputeRestrictedMeandEdx(aParticleType,
aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i),
material,
DeltaThreshold);
aVector->PutValue(i,dEdx);
}
theLossTable->insert(aVector);
}
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::BuildLambdaTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
{
if(0 < verboseLevel) {
G4cout << "G4hIonisation52::BuildLambdaTable() for process "
<< GetProcessName() << " and particle "
<< aParticleType.GetParticleName() << G4endl;
}
//create table
//
const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
if (theMeanFreePathTable)
{theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy(); delete theMeanFreePathTable;}
theMeanFreePathTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples);
// get electron cut in kinetic energy
secondaryEnergyCuts = theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1);
// loop for materials
for (size_t J=0 ; J < numOfCouples; J++)
{
//create physics vector then fill it ....
G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(
LowerBoundLambda,UpperBoundLambda,NbinLambda);
// compute the (macroscopic) cross section first
const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(J);
const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
// get electron cut in kinetic energy for the material
G4double DeltaThreshold = SecondaryEnergyThreshold(J);
const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
const G4double* NbOfAtomsPerVolume = material->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume();
G4int NumberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
if(1 < verboseLevel) {
G4cout << "### For material " << material->GetName()
<< " Tcut(MeV)= " << DeltaThreshold/MeV
<< " Tmin(MeV)= " << LowerBoundLambda/MeV
<< " Tmax(MeV)= " << UpperBoundLambda/MeV
<< " nbins= " << NbinLambda
<< G4endl;
}
for ( G4int i = 0 ; i < NbinLambda ; i++ )
{
G4double LowEdgeEnergy = aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i);
G4double sigma = 0.;
for (G4int iel=0; iel<NumberOfElements; iel++ )
{
sigma += NbOfAtomsPerVolume[iel]*
ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(aParticleType,
LowEdgeEnergy,
(*theElementVector)[iel]->GetZ(),
DeltaThreshold);
}
// mean free path = 1./macroscopic cross section
G4double Value = sigma > DBL_MIN ? 1./sigma : DBL_MAX;
aVector->PutValue(i, Value) ;
}
theMeanFreePathTable->insert(aVector);
}
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4double G4hIonisation52::ComputeRestrictedMeandEdx (
const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType,
G4double KineticEnergy,
const G4Material* material,
G4double DeltaThreshold)
{
// calculate the dE/dx due to the ionization process (Geant4 internal units)
// Bethe-Bloch formula
//
G4double particleMass = proton_mass_c2;
G4double ElectronDensity = material->GetElectronDensity();
G4double Eexc = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
G4double Eexc2 = Eexc*Eexc;
G4double tau = KineticEnergy/particleMass;
G4double gamma = tau + 1., bg2 = tau*(tau+2.), beta2 = bg2/(gamma*gamma);
G4double RateMass = electron_mass_c2/particleMass;
G4double Tmax=2.*electron_mass_c2*bg2/(1.+2.*gamma*RateMass+RateMass*RateMass);
G4double taul = material->GetIonisation()->GetTaul();
G4double dEdx = 0.;
//
// high energy part , Bethe-Bloch formula
//
if (tau > taul)
{
G4double rcut = min(DeltaThreshold/Tmax, 1.);
dEdx = log(2.*electron_mass_c2*bg2*Tmax/Eexc2)
+log(rcut)-(1.+rcut)*beta2;
//density correction
G4double Cden = material->GetIonisation()->GetCdensity();
G4double Mden = material->GetIonisation()->GetMdensity();
G4double Aden = material->GetIonisation()->GetAdensity();
G4double X0den = material->GetIonisation()->GetX0density();
G4double X1den = material->GetIonisation()->GetX1density();
const G4double twoln10 = 2.*log(10.);
G4double x = log(bg2)/twoln10;
G4double delta;
if (x < X0den) delta = 0.;
else {delta = twoln10*x - Cden;
if (x < X1den) delta += Aden*pow((X1den-x),Mden);
}
// shell correction
G4double* ShellCorrectionVector = material->GetIonisation()->
GetShellCorrectionVector();
const G4double bg2lim = 0.0169, taulim = 8.4146e-3;
G4double sh = 0., xs = 1.;
if (bg2 > bg2lim) for (G4int k=0; k<3; k++)
{xs *= bg2; sh += ShellCorrectionVector[k]/xs;}
else { for (G4int k=0; k<3; k++)
{xs *= bg2lim; sh += ShellCorrectionVector[k]/xs;}
sh *= log(tau/taul)/log(taulim/taul);
}
// now you can compute the total ionization loss
dEdx -= (delta + sh);
dEdx *= twopi_mc2_rcl2*ElectronDensity/beta2;
if (dEdx < 0.) dEdx = 0.;
}
//
// low energy part , parametrized energy loss formulae
//
if (tau <= taul)
{
// get elements in the actual material,
const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
const G4double* NbOfAtomsPerVolume=material->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume();
G4int NumberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
// loop for the elements in the material
dEdx = 0.;
for (G4int iel=0; iel<NumberOfElements; iel++)
{
const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[iel];
if (tau < element->GetIonisation()->GetTau0())
dEdx += NbOfAtomsPerVolume[iel]
*(element->GetIonisation()->GetAlow()*sqrt(tau)
+ element->GetIonisation()->GetBlow()*tau);
else
dEdx += NbOfAtomsPerVolume[iel]
* element->GetIonisation()->GetClow()/sqrt(tau);
}
G4double deltaloss = 0.;
if (DeltaThreshold < Tmax)
{
deltaloss = log(Tmax/DeltaThreshold)-
beta2*(1.-DeltaThreshold/Tmax) ;
if (aParticleType.GetPDGSpin() == 0.5)
deltaloss += 0.25*(Tmax-DeltaThreshold)*(Tmax-DeltaThreshold)/
(KineticEnergy*KineticEnergy+proton_mass_c2*proton_mass_c2);
deltaloss *= twopi_mc2_rcl2*ElectronDensity/beta2;
}
dEdx -= deltaloss;
if (dEdx < 0.) dEdx = 0.;
}
return dEdx;
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4double G4hIonisation52::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(
const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType,
G4double KineticEnergy,
G4double AtomicNumber,
G4double DeltaThreshold)
{
// calculates the totalcross section per atom in GEANT4 internal units
// ( it is called for elements , AtomicNumber = Z )
//
// nb: cross section formula is OK for spin=0 and 1/2 only !
initialMass = aParticleType.GetPDGMass();
G4double particleMass = initialMass;
G4double TotalEnergy = KineticEnergy + particleMass;
G4double betasquare = KineticEnergy*(TotalEnergy+particleMass)
/(TotalEnergy*TotalEnergy);
G4double tempvar = particleMass+electron_mass_c2;
G4double MaxKineticEnergyTransfer = 2.*electron_mass_c2*KineticEnergy
*(TotalEnergy+particleMass)
/(tempvar*tempvar+2.*electron_mass_c2*KineticEnergy);
G4double TotalCrossSection = 0.;
if (MaxKineticEnergyTransfer > DeltaThreshold)
{
tempvar = DeltaThreshold/MaxKineticEnergyTransfer;
TotalCrossSection = (1.-tempvar*(1.-betasquare*log(tempvar)))
/DeltaThreshold;
G4double spin = aParticleType.GetPDGSpin();
if (spin == 0.5) TotalCrossSection += 0.5
*(MaxKineticEnergyTransfer-DeltaThreshold)
/(TotalEnergy*TotalEnergy);
if (spin == 1.) TotalCrossSection +=
-log(tempvar)/(3.0*DeltaThreshold) +
(MaxKineticEnergyTransfer - DeltaThreshold) *
((5.0+ 1.0/tempvar)*0.25 / (TotalEnergy*TotalEnergy) -
betasquare /
(MaxKineticEnergyTransfer * DeltaThreshold)) / 3.0;
TotalCrossSection *= twopi_mc2_rcl2*AtomicNumber/betasquare;
}
return TotalCrossSection;
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
G4VParticleChange* G4hIonisation52::PostStepDoIt(const G4Track& trackData,
const G4Step& stepData)
{
aParticleChange.Initialize(trackData);
const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = trackData.GetMaterialCutsCouple();
const G4DynamicParticle* aParticle = trackData.GetDynamicParticle();
G4double particleMass = aParticle->GetMass();
G4double KineticEnergy = aParticle->GetKineticEnergy();
G4double TotalEnergy = KineticEnergy + particleMass;
G4double Psquare = KineticEnergy*(TotalEnergy+particleMass);
G4double Esquare = TotalEnergy*TotalEnergy;
G4double betasquare=Psquare/Esquare;
G4double summass = particleMass + electron_mass_c2;
G4double MaxKineticEnergyTransfer = 2.*electron_mass_c2*Psquare
/(summass*summass+2.*electron_mass_c2*KineticEnergy);
G4ParticleMomentum ParticleDirection = aParticle->GetMomentumDirection();
// get electron cut in kinetic energy
G4double DeltaThreshold = SecondaryEnergyThreshold(couple->GetIndex());
// sampling kinetic energy of the delta ray
//
if (MaxKineticEnergyTransfer <= DeltaThreshold)
// pathological case (it should not happen, there is no change at all)
return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(trackData,stepData);
// normal case
G4double xc = DeltaThreshold/MaxKineticEnergyTransfer;
G4double rate = MaxKineticEnergyTransfer/TotalEnergy;
G4double te2 = 0.;
if (aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetPDGSpin() == 0.5) te2=0.5*rate*rate;
// sampling follows ...
G4double x,grej;
G4double grejc=1.-betasquare*xc+te2*xc*xc;
do { x=xc/(1.-(1.-xc)*G4UniformRand());
grej=(1.-x*(betasquare-x*te2))/grejc;
} while(G4UniformRand() > grej);
G4double DeltaKineticEnergy = x * MaxKineticEnergyTransfer;
if (DeltaKineticEnergy <= 0.)
return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(trackData,stepData);
G4double DeltaTotalMomentum = sqrt(DeltaKineticEnergy * (DeltaKineticEnergy +
2. * electron_mass_c2 ));
G4double TotalMomentum = sqrt(Psquare);
G4double costheta = DeltaKineticEnergy * (TotalEnergy + electron_mass_c2)
/(DeltaTotalMomentum * TotalMomentum);
if (costheta < -1.) costheta = -1.;
if (costheta > +1.) costheta = +1.;
// direction of the delta electron
//
G4double phi = twopi*G4UniformRand();
G4double sintheta = sqrt((1.+costheta)*(1.-costheta));
G4double dirx = sintheta*cos(phi), diry = sintheta*sin(phi), dirz = costheta;
G4ThreeVector DeltaDirection(dirx,diry,dirz);
DeltaDirection.rotateUz(ParticleDirection);
// create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray
//
G4DynamicParticle *theDeltaRay = new G4DynamicParticle;
theDeltaRay->SetKineticEnergy( DeltaKineticEnergy );
theDeltaRay->SetMomentumDirection(
DeltaDirection.x(),DeltaDirection.y(),DeltaDirection.z());
theDeltaRay->SetDefinition(G4Electron::Electron());
// fill aParticleChange
//
G4double finalKineticEnergy = KineticEnergy - DeltaKineticEnergy;
G4double Edep = 0;
if (finalKineticEnergy > MinKineticEnergy)
{
G4double finalPx = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.x()
- DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.x();
G4double finalPy = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.y()
- DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.y();
G4double finalPz = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.z()
- DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.z();
G4double finalMomentum =
sqrt(finalPx*finalPx+finalPy*finalPy+finalPz*finalPz);
finalPx /= finalMomentum;
finalPy /= finalMomentum;
finalPz /= finalMomentum;
aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection( finalPx,finalPy,finalPz );
}
else
{
Edep = finalKineticEnergy;
finalKineticEnergy = 0.;
if (!aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetProcessManager()->GetAtRestProcessVector()->size())
aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill);
else aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive);
}
aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy( finalKineticEnergy );
aParticleChange.SetNumberOfSecondaries(1);
aParticleChange.AddSecondary(theDeltaRay);
aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit (Edep);
//ResetNumberOfInteractionLengthLeft();
return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(trackData,stepData);
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
void G4hIonisation52::PrintInfoDefinition()
{
G4String comments = " Knock-on electron cross sections . "
"\n Good description above the mean excitation energy.\n"
" delta ray energy sampled from differential Xsection.";
G4cout << G4endl << GetProcessName() << ": " << comments
<< "\n PhysicsTables from " << G4BestUnit(LowestKineticEnergy,
"Energy")
<< " to " << G4BestUnit(HighestKineticEnergy,"Energy")
<< " in " << TotBin << " bins. "
<< "\n Step function: finalRange(mm)= " << finalRange
<< ", dRoverRange= " << dRoverRange
<< G4endl;
}
//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......