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========================================================================
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cosmicray_charging advanced example
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Henrique Araujo & Peter Wass
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Imperial College London
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April 2004
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========================================================================
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This Geant4 example was derived from an application aimed at
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simulating the electrostatic charging of isolated test masses in the
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LISA mission by galactic cosmic ray protons and helium nuclei. This
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work was supported by the European Space Agency through the SEPTIMESS
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project under Contract No. 16339/02/NL/FM.
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LISA, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna for the detection of
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gravitational waves, is a joint ESA/NASA mission composed of three
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identical spacecraft orbiting the Sun in a triangular formation, each
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containing two cubic test masses in pure geodesic (drag free) motion.
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The interferometric measurements between different spacecraft
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are affected by the accrual of charge in the test masses caused by the
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interaction of energetic cosmic rays.
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With this example we intend to demonstrate an application of Geant4 to
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space environment simulations, using an extensive set of physics
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models spanning from TeV energies down to a few hundred eV. This code
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retains most (but not all) of the complex spacecraft and sensor
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geometry implemented for the original purpose. In particular, some
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complex elements of the inertial sensor surrounding the test masses
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have not been included. Differential energy spectra for protons, He-4
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and He-3 nuclei at solar minimum conditions are the only input macros
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provided. The remaining application classes have been kept unchanged.
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A Software Users' Manual suitable for Geant4 users of all levels is
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distributed with this application (/docs). The technical description
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of the original software package, including further software
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documentation, physics analysis and a similar effort for the precursor
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ESA mission LISA Pathfinder are available from the SEPTIMESS project
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website at http://reat.space.qinetiq.com/septimess/ or from
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http://astro.ic.ac.uk/~haraujo/SEPTIMESS/ .
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Any queries regarding this example or the original work can be
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directed to h.araujo@imperial.ac.uk.
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