Import Geant4 11.4.0 source tree

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+\page Examples_gflash Category "parameterisations/gflash"
+
+These examples demonstrate the use of the GFLASH parameterisation library.
+They use the GFLASH equations (hep-ex/0001020, Grindhammer & Peters)
+to parametrise electromagnetic showers in matter.
+In these examples the calorimeter is a simple cube,
+which consists of 10 x 10 crystals of PbWO4 (CMS like).
+
+Briefly, whenever a e-/e+  enters the calorimeter, it is parametrised if it
+has a minimum energy and the shower is expected to be contained
+in the calorimeter (so called " parameterisation envelope").
+If this is fullfilled the particle is killed, as well as all secondaries,
+and the energy is deposited according to the GFLASH equations.
+
+The examples show how to interface GFLASH to your application.
+The simulation time is measured, so the user can see immediately
+the speed up by using GFLASH.
+
+Geometry and parametrisation is defined in different ways in the set of three equivalent
+(in terms of produced showers) examples: \ref Examplegflash1, \ref Examplegflash2 and 
+\ref Examplegflash3, to demonstrate
+how to use the parametrisation, sensitive detectors and parallel geometry.
+The classes which are the same in all three examples have the names with ExGflash prefix while
+the names of classes specific to each example have the prexix ExGflash[1,2,3].
+
+\ref Examplegflasha - allow histogramming of show profiles and fine tuning
+of gflash parametrization for homogeneous medium.
+
+Note: Instead of particle gun the gps class is used here for particle generation.
+
+## Briefly
+
+ Table below presents in which world/geometry (mass or parallel) each of the elements is defined.
+
+
+|            Example           |  gflash1 |    gflash2   |    gflash3   |
+|------------------------------|----------|--------------|--------------|
+|       Block of material      | mass geo |   mass geo   |   mass geo   |
+|  Crystals (readout geometry) | mass geo |   mass geo   | parallel geo |
+|      Sensitive detector      | mass geo |   mass geo   | parallel geo |
+| Envelope for parametrisation | mass geo | parallel geo |   mass geo   |
+
+
+### \ref Examplegflash1
+
+Uses only the mass geometry, with each crystal defined as a volume,
+with parametrisation attached to the envelope in the mass geometry.
+Geometry and sensitive detector are defined in:
+- ExGflash1DetectorConstruction
+- ExGflash1SensitiveDetector
+
+### \ref Examplegflash2
+
+Uses mass geometry to create volumes and to create a sensitive detector
+for storing hits, but parametrisation is attached to the envelope
+in the parallel geometry (see also examples/extended/parametrisations/Par01).
+Geometry and sensitive detector are defined in:
+- ExGflash2DetectorConstruction
+- ExGflash2ParallelWorld
+- ExGflash2SensitiveDetector
+
+### \ref Examplegflash3
+
+Uses mass geometry to create the main volume (homogeneous material) and use it
+as an envelope for the parametrisation, but the readout geometry (crystals)
+are defined in the parallel geometry, together with the sensitive detector
+to store the hits.
+Geometry and sensitive detector are defined in:
+- ExGflash3DetectorConstruction
+- ExGflash3ParallelWorld
+- ExGflash3SensitiveDetector
+
+## Macros
+
+- vis.mac - macro for use in interactive mode (default, if no arguments are specified)
+- test.mac - macro for tests: 50 GeV electrons are shot in the direction of the detector
+           (along z axis), 10 times. As they enter the parametrisation envelope,
+           the GFlash parametrisation is invoked and energy is deposited.
+           The results are printed out:
+            - energy in the most central crystal
+            - energy in 3x3 crystals
+            - energy in 5x5 crystals
+            - number of created deposits
+            - simulation time per event