Import Geant4 9.1.0 source tree
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Gabriele Cosmo
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\documentclass{article}
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\title{How to EZsim using the site-modules of Geant4Py?}
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\author{ H. Yoshida \and K. Murakami}
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\section{g4py/site-modules}
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Currently site-modules have the following wrapper modules:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item EZsim
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\begin{itemize}
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\item EZgeom : main topic of this document
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\begin{itemize}
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\item ezgeom
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\item geometries : examples of wrapping
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\begin{itemize}
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\item ExN01geom
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\item ExN03geom
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\end{itemize}
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\item materials : pre-defined materials
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\begin{itemize}
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\item NISTmaterials
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\end{itemize}
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\item physics\_lists : examples of wrapping
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\begin{itemize}
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\item EMSTDpl
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\item ExN01pl
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\item ExN03pl
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\item (GenericPhysicsList)
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\end{itemize}
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\item primaries : pre-defined particle guns
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\begin{itemize}
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\item MedicalBeam
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\item ParticleGun
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\section{The levels of Python wrapping}
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The application of these site modules are stored in
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\begin{itemize}
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\item tests : many test examples
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\item examples/demos/water\_phantom : voxelized water phantom and scoring
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\item examples/education
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\begin{itemize}
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\item lesson1 : measurement of the mass attenuation coefficients
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\item lesson2 : exampleN03
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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In general, Python wrapping can be applied in various levels.
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This can be seen, for example, in the above examples which demonstrate how the
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geometries are constructed. We cite two examples how site modules can be used,
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and how existing C++ classes can be wrapped to co-work within the framework of
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Geant4Py.
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\subsection{Full Python case}
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The script examples/education/lesson1/Lesson1.py uses the Phtyon modules of
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EZgeom. It defines a simple absorber box, using EZgeom module. Its material,
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dimensions, colors etc. are modifiable by using Python methods.
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\subsection{Wrapping an existing C++ geometry}
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The script examples/education/lesson2/ExN03.py uses the geometry of
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exampleN03 as it is (ExN03DetectorConstruction).
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The modules in site-modules/geometries/ExN03geom wrap these C++ classes and
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their methods like exposes its methods like "SetAbsorberMaterial",
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"SetAbsorberThickness", "GeometryUpdated" etc..
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It also used wrapped "ExN03PhysicsList".
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So, ExN03.py script do nothing for the geometry and physics list. It simply
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initialized them.
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\section{Closer look: Full Python case}
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Exposed modules by the EZgeom module are following:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Construct() :
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\item SetWorldMaterial(material)
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\item SetWorldVisibility(bool)
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\item ResizeWorld(dx, dy, dz)
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\item ResetWorld(dx, dy, dz)
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\end{itemize}
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Also exposed are modules in the G4EzVolume class.
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\begin{itemize}
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\item CreateBoxVolume, Tube/Cone/Sphere/Orb
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\item Set(Get)Sold
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\item Set(Get)Material
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\item Set(Get)Color
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\item Set(Get)Visibility
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\item
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\item Placeit()
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\item ReplicateIt()
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\item VoxelizeIt()
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\item
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\item SetSensitiveDetector
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\end{itemize}
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In addition, you can use global names like gMaterialTable etc. which are
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defined in the g4py/source and exposed in the widest name space under
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Boost-python. You can easily get the list of all g* modules from ipython
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shell, once you import Geant4 modules.
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Let us explain how to use the above modules, taking the script in
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examples/education/lesson1/Leson1.py as an example.
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It starts by lines to import modules:
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\begin{verbatim}
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1: from Geant4 import *
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2: import NISTmaterials
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3: from EZsim import EZgeom
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4: from EZsim.EZgeom import G4EzVolume
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5: import EMSTDpl
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6: import ParticleGun
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7: from time import *
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8: import sys
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\end{verbatim}
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In line 1 you import all exposed modules of Geant4.
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From the line 2 to 6, you import relevant site-modules. Lines 7 and 8 is to
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import generic Python modules.
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Then you define a Python class "Configure" for initialization.
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\begin{verbatim}
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def Configure():
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NISTmaterials.Construct() # NIST materials predefined in g4py
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EZgeom.Construct() # initialize
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EMSTDpl.Construct() # initialize the physics list
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ParticleGun.Construct() # initialize the particle gun
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gControlExecute("gun.mac") # this is one of the globals
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\end{verbatim}
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Now you define the concrete geometry.
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\begin{verbatim}
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def ConstructGeom():
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print "* Constructing geometry..."
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# materils
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galactic = G4Material.GetMaterial("G4_Galactic", 1)
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water = G4Material.GetMaterial("G4_WATER", 1)
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# world
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EZgeom.SetWorldMaterial(galactic)
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EZgeom.ResizeWorld(120.*cm, 120.*cm, 100.*cm)
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# water phantom ; logical and physical volumes
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global water_phantom, water_phantom_pv
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water_phantom= G4EzVolume("WaterPhantom")
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water_phantom.CreateBoxVolume(water, 110.*cm, 110.*cm, 10.*cm)
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#Place the water phantom in the vacuum!!
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water_phantom_pv = water_phantom.PlaceIt(G4ThreeVector(0.,0.,0.*cm))
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\end{verbatim}
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Here water\_phantom is the logical volume, while water\_phantom\_pv is the
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physical volume. These variables are defined as global for later use.
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If you want to change the material of the water\_phantom with the lead, for
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example, you define lead by makinging its instance from the pre-defined list
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and SetMaterial().
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\begin{verbatim}
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lead = G4Material.GetMaterial("G4_Pb", 1)
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water_phantom.SetMaterial(lead)
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\end{verbatim}
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To print out the name of the materialof the logical volume,
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\begin{verbatim}
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print water_phantom.Getmaterial().GetName()
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\end{verbatim}
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If you want to change the dimensions of the water\_phantom, you have to get
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its instance of the solid, and then SetZHalfLength().
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\begin{verbatim}
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solid = EZgeom.G4EzVolume.GetSold(water_phantom)
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solid.SetZHalfLength(thickness * mm/2.0)
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\end{verbatim}
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If you want to relocate the water phantom, i.e., water\_phantom\_pv,
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\begin{verbatim}
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water_phantom_pv.SetTransformation(G4TreeVector(, ,))
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\end{verbatim}
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You can use any Geant4 commands with gApplyUICommand() method.
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You simply provide it with strings, as seen in the next code fragment.
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\begin{verbatim}
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eventNum = self.eventVar.get()
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for i in range(eventNum):
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gunYZpos = str(i-eventNum/2) + ". -20. cm"
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gApplyUICommand("/gun/position 0. " + gunYZpos)
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gRunManager.BeamOn(1)
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sleep(0.01)
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\end{verbatim}
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With the above code fragment, you use "eventVar" which is supplied by the
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"Scale" widget. You repeat gRunManager.BeamOn(1), after a sleep of every
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o.o1 second. You use gApplyUICommand() to change the gun's YZ position before
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every shoot.
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\section{Closer study: wrapped C++ classes case}
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The script file in g4py/examples/education/lesson2/ExN03.py is an example.
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The C++ classes of geometry and physics list of exampleN03 are exposed with
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mo modifications. To expose them, wrapper classes, pyExN03geom.cc and
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pyExN03pl.cc are created and stored in ExN03geom/ and ExN03pl/ respectively.
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They are pre-compiled and shared libraries; ExN03geom.so, and ExN03pl.so are
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stored in the g4py/lib/site-modules library repository.
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ExN03geom exposes all the methods defined in ExN03DetectorConstruction.
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ExN03.py in lesson2 initializes the geometry and physics list by simply using
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the exposed classes;
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\begin{verbatim}
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from Geant4 import *
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import NISTmaterials
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import ExN03geom
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import ExN03pl
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exN03geom = ExN03geom.ExN03DetectorConstruction()
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gRunManager.SetUserInitialization(exN03geom)
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exN03PL = ExN03pl.ExN03PhysicsList()
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gRunManager.SetUserInitialization(exN03PL)
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\end{verbatim}
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ExN03.py provides the widgets to choose a material with the Checkbutton,
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to set the thickness with the Scale widget etc. It provides a "Run" button
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to do /run/beamOn equivalent.
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Just before "beamOn", the geometry is modified like;
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\begin{verbatim}
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def cmd_beamOn(self):
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exN03geom.SetAbsorberMaterial(self.materialVar.get())
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exN03geom.SetAbsorberThickness(self.thickVar.get() * mm/2.0)
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exN03geom.UpdateGeometry()
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exN03PL.SetDefaultCutValue(self.cutVar.get() * mm)
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exN03PL.SetCutsWithDefault()
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exN03geom.SetMagField(self.magVar.get() * tesla)
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\end{verbatim}
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Here, self.xxxVar.get() are the values (String or Double) supplied by the
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Checkbutton or Scale widgets.
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The on/off of each process is done using the global name gProcessTable.
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\begin{verbatim}
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def cmd_setProcess(self):
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for i in self.processList:
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if self.processVar[i].get() == 0:
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gProcessTable.SetProcessActivation(i, 0)
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print "Process " + i + " inactivated"
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else:
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gProcessTable.SetProcessActivation(i, 1)
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print "Process " + i + " activated"
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\end{verbatim}
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Here "processList" is a list of the names of processes like below and
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"processVar" contains the on/off values of the Checkbuttons for respective
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processes.
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\begin{verbatim}
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self.processList = ["phot", "compt", "conv", "msc", "eIoni", "eBrem", "annih
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il","muIoni", "muBrems"]
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{document}
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