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examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm3/.README.txt
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///\file "electromagnetic/TestEm3/.README.txt"
///\brief Example TestEm3 README page
/*! \page ExampleTestEm3 Example TestEm3
- How to collect energy deposition in a sampling calorimeter.
- How to survey energy flow.
- How to print stopping power.
\section TestEm3_s1 GEOMETRY DEFINITION
The calorimeter is a box made of a given number of layers.
A layer consists of a sequence of various absorbers (maximum MaxAbsor=9).
The layer is replicated.
Parameters defining the calorimeter :
- the number of layers,
- the number of absorbers within a layer,
- the material of the absorbers,
- the thickness of the absorbers,
- the transverse size of the calorimeter (the input face is a square).
In addition a transverse uniform magnetic field can be applied.
The default geometry is constructed in DetectorConstruction class, but all
of the above parameters can be modified interactively via the commands
defined in the DetectorMessenger class.
<pre>
|<----layer 0---------->|<----layer 1---------->|<----layer 2---------->|
| | | | |
==========================================================================
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
beam || | || | || | ||
======> || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| cell 1 | cell 2 || cell 3 | cell 4 || cell 5 | cell 6 ||
==========================================================================
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
pln1 pln2 pln3 pln4 pln5 pln6 pln7
</pre>
NB. The number of absorbers and the number of layers can be set to 1.
In this case we have a unique homogeneous block of matter, which looks like
a bubble chamber rather than a calorimeter ...
(see the macro emtutor.mac)
\section TestEm3_s2 PHYSICS LISTS
Physics lists are based on modular design. Several modules are instantiated:
1. Transportation
2. EM physics
3. Decays
4. StepMax - for step limitation
EM physics builders can be local (eg. in this example) or from G4 kernel
physics_lists subdirectory.
Local physics builders:
- "local" standard EM physics with current 'best' options setting.
these options are explicited in PhysListEmStandard
From geant4/source/physics_lists/builders:
- "emstandard_opt0" recommended standard EM physics for LHC
- "emstandard_opt1" best CPU performance standard physics for LHC
- "emstandard_opt2" similar fast simulation
- "emstandard_opt3" best standard EM options - analog to "local" above
- "emstandard_opt4" best current advanced EM options standard + lowenergy
- "emstandardWVI" standard EM physics and WentzelVI multiple scattering
- "emstandardSS" standard EM physics and single scattering model
- "emlivermore" low-energy EM physics using Livermore data
- "empenelope" low-energy EM physics implementing Penelope models
- "emlowenergy" low-energy EM physics implementing experimental
low-energy models
Physics lists and options can be (re)set with UI commands.
\section TestEm3_s3 AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
The primary kinematic consists of a single particle which hits the calorimeter
perpendicular to the input face. The type of the particle and its energy are
set in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can be changed via the
G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with this
example).
In addition one can choose randomly the impact point of the incident particle.
The corresponding interactive command is built in PrimaryGeneratorMessenger.
A RUN is a set of events.
TestEm3 computes the energy deposited per absorber and the energy flow through
the calorimeter.
\section TestEm3_s4 VISUALIZATION
The Visualization Manager is set in the main() (see TestEm3.cc).
The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands :
/vis/... in the macro vis.mac. In interactive session:
\verbatim
PreInit or Idle > /control/execute vis.mac
\endverbatim
The default view is a longitudinal view of the calorimeter.
The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
Optionally one can choose to draw all particles, only the charged ones, or
none. This command is defined in EventActionMessenger class.
\section TestEm3_s5 PHYSICS DEMO
The particle's type and the physics processes which will be available
in this example are set in PhysicsList class.
In addition a built-in interactive command (/process/inactivate processName)
allows to activate/inactivate the processes one by one.
Then one can well visualize the processes one by one, especially
in the bubble chamber setup with a transverse magnetic field.
As a homework try to visualize a gamma conversion alone,
or the effect of the multiple scattering.
Notice that one can control the maximum step size, via the
StepMax process and the command /testem/stepMax
\verbatim
/testem/stepMax/absorber
\endverbatim
(see StepMax and PhysicsList classes)
\section TestEm3_s6 HOW TO START ?
- Execute TestEm3 in 'batch' mode from macro files
\verbatim
% TestEm3 run01.mac
\endverbatim
- Execute TestEm3 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
\verbatim
% TestEm3
....
Idle> type your commands. For instance:
Idle> /control/execute run01.mac
....
Idle> exit
\endverbatim
Macros provided in this example:
- atlashec.mac: ATLAS HEC model
- dedx.mac: to control dE/dx calculation: 1 layer; minimum ionizing particle
- emtutor.mac: for tutorial; interactivity + visualisation
- geom.mac: to play with geometry
- ionC12.mac: ion C12, 1 layer
- lhcb.mac: LHCB ECAL model
- linac.mac: Linac/Ecal from Graham Wilson
- lockwood.mac: Al-Au-Al 1 layer (G.L.Lockwood et al. SAND79-0414 (1980))
- run01.mac: Lead-liquidArgon 50 layers; electron 1 GeV
- run02.mac: Tungsten-Silicon 50 layers; electron 1 GeV
- storeTables.mac: show how to store and retrieve physics tables
- tileCal.mac: ATLAS tileCal
- vis.mac: to activate visualization
\section TestEm3_s7 HISTOGRAMS
Testem3 can produce histograms :
- histo 1 : energy deposit in absorber 1
- histo 2 : energy deposit in absorber 2
- etc.
- histo 11 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 1 (MeV/event)
- histo 12 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 2 (MeV/event)
- etc.
- histo 21 : energy flow (MeV/event)
- histo 22 : lateral energy leak (MeV/event)
NB. Numbering scheme for histograms:
- layer : from 1 to NbOfLayers (included)
- absorbers : from 1 to NbOfAbsor (included)
- planes : from 1 to NbOfLayers*NbOfAbsor + 1 (included)
One can control the binning of the histo with the command:
\verbatim
/analysis/h1/set idAbsor nbin Emin Emax unit
\endverbatim
etc.,
where unit is the desired energy unit for that histo (see TestEm3.in).
One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
\verbatim
/analysis/setFileName name (default testem3)
\endverbatim
It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager.hh
It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
\verbatim
/analysis/h1/setAscii id
\endverbatim
All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default testem3)
*/
examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm3/README
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
=========================================================
Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
=========================================================
TestEm3
-------
How to collect energy deposition in a sampling calorimeter.
How to survey energy flow.
how to print stopping power.
1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
The calorimeter is a box made of a given number of layers.
A layer consists of a sequence of various absorbers (maximum MaxAbsor=9).
The layer is replicated.
Parameters defining the calorimeter :
- the number of layers,
- the number of absorbers within a layer,
- the material of the absorbers,
- the thickness of the absorbers,
- the transverse size of the calorimeter (the input face is a square).
In addition a transverse uniform magnetic field can be applied.
The default geometry is constructed in DetectorConstruction class, but all
of the above parameters can be modified interactively via the commands
defined in the DetectorMessenger class.
|<----layer 0---------->|<----layer 1---------->|<----layer 2---------->|
| | | | |
==========================================================================
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
beam || | || | || | ||
======> || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
|| cell 1 | cell 2 || cell 3 | cell 4 || cell 5 | cell 6 ||
==========================================================================
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
pln1 pln2 pln3 pln4 pln5 pln6 pln7
NB. The number of absorbers and the number of layers can be set to 1.
In this case we have a unique homogeneous block of matter, which looks like
a bubble chamber rather than a calorimeter ...
(see the macro emtutor.mac)
2- PHYSICS LISTS
Physics lists are based on modular design. Several modules are instantiated:
1. Transportation
2. EM physics
3. Decays
4. StepMax - for step limitation
EM physics builders can be local (eg. in this example) or from G4 kernel
physics_lists subdirectory.
Local physics builders:
- "local" standard EM physics with current 'best' options setting.
these options are explicited in PhysListEmStandard
From geant4/source/physics_lists/builders:
- "emstandard_opt0" recommended standard EM physics for LHC
- "emstandard_opt1" best CPU performance standard physics for LHC
- "emstandard_opt2" similar fast simulation
- "emstandard_opt3" best standard EM options - analog to "local" above
- "emstandard_opt4" best current advanced EM options standard + lowenergy
- "emstandardWVI" standard EM physics and WentzelVI multiple scattering
- "emstandardSS" standard EM physics and single scattering model
- "emlivermore" low-energy EM physics using Livermore data
- "empenelope" low-energy EM physics implementing Penelope models
- "emlowenergy" low-energy EM physics implementing experimental
low-energy models
Physics lists and options can be (re)set with UI commands.
3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
The primary kinematic consists of a single particle which hits the calorimeter
perpendicular to the input face. The type of the particle and its energy are
set in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can be changed via the
G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with this
example).
In addition one can choose randomly the impact point of the incident particle.
The corresponding interactive command is built in PrimaryGeneratorMessenger.
A RUN is a set of events.
TestEm3 computes the energy deposited per absorber and the energy flow through
the calorimeter.
4- VISUALIZATION
The Visualization Manager is set in the main() (see TestEm3.cc).
The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands :
/vis/... in the macro vis.mac. In interactive session:
PreInit or Idle > /control/execute vis.mac
The default view is a longitudinal view of the calorimeter.
The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
Optionally one can choose to draw all particles, only the charged ones, or
none. This command is defined in EventActionMessenger class.
5- PHYSICS DEMO
The particle's type and the physics processes which will be available
in this example are set in PhysicsList class.
In addition a built-in interactive command (/process/inactivate processName)
allows to activate/inactivate the processes one by one.
Then one can well visualize the processes one by one, especially
in the bubble chamber setup with a transverse magnetic field.
As a homework try to visualize a gamma conversion alone,
or the effect of the multiple scattering.
Notice that one can control the maximum step size, via the
StepMax process and the command /testem/stepMax
(see StepMax and PhysicsList classes)
6- HOW TO START ?
- Execute TestEm3 in 'batch' mode from macro files
% TestEm3 run01.mac
- Execute TestEm3 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
% TestEm3
....
Idle> type your commands. For instance:
Idle> /control/execute run01.mac
....
Idle> exit
Macros provided in this example:
- atlashec.mac: ATLAS HEC model
- dedx.mac: to control dE/dx calculation: 1 layer; minimum ionizing particle
- emtutor.mac: for tutorial; interactivity + visualisation
- geom.mac: to play with geometry
- ionC12.mac: ion C12, 1 layer
- lhcb.mac: LHCB ECAL model
- linac.mac: Linac/Ecal from Graham Wilson
- lockwood.mac: Al-Au-Al 1 layer (G.L.Lockwood et al. SAND79-0414 (1980))
- run01.mac: Lead-liquidArgon 50 layers; electron 1 GeV
- run02.mac: Tungsten-Silicon 50 layers; electron 1 GeV
- storeTables.mac: show how to store and retrieve physics tables
- tileCal.mac: ATLAS tileCal
- vis.mac: to activate visualization
7- HISTOGRAMS
Testem3 can produce histograms :
histo 1 : energy deposit in absorber 1
histo 2 : energy deposit in absorber 2
...etc...........
histo 11 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 1 (MeV/event)
histo 12 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 2 (MeV/event)
...etc...........
histo 21 : energy flow (MeV/event)
histo 22 : lateral energy leak (MeV/event)
...etc...........
NB. Numbering scheme for histograms:
layer : from 1 to NbOfLayers (included)
absorbers : from 1 to NbOfAbsor (included)
planes : from 1 to NbOfLayers*NbOfAbsor + 1 (included)
One can control the binning of the histo with the command:
/analysis/h1/set idAbsor nbin Emin Emax unit
where unit is the desired energy unit for that histo (see TestEm3.in).
One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
/analysis/setFileName name (default testem3)
It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager.hh
It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
/analysis/h1/setAscii id
All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default testem3)
examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm3/geant3/README
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testem3/src is the geant3 equivalent of TestEm3
% cd geant3
% gmakeB to make an executable (Batch version)
% gmakeT to make an executable (inTeractive version)
To execute:
% cd geant3
% $G4SYSTEM/testem3.xb (for batch) or testem1.xt (for interactive)
The program will ask:
G3 > gives the filename of the data cards to be read:
run01.dat (runNN.dat is the equivalent of the G4 runNN.mac)
It is possible to set the production cuts BCUTE, DCUTE and PPCUTM
medium by medium, via the data cards:
CUTPR imed1 bcute/m dcute/m ppcutm
CUTPR imed2 bcute/m dcute/m ppcutm
...etc............
testem3 can produce histograms :
histo 1 : energy deposit in absorber 1
histo 2 : energy deposit in absorber 2
...etc...........
histo 11 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 1 (MeV/event)
histo 12 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 2 (MeV/event)
...etc...........
histo 21 : energy flow (MeV/event)
histo 22 : lateral energy leakage (MeV/event)
One can control the binning of the histograms with the data card:
*HISTO id1 nbBins valMin valMax valUnit
*HISTO id2 nbBins valMin valMax valUnit
... etc ...........
valMin and ValMax are given in the desired unit, whose numerical value must
be specified in valUnit. Remember that Geant3 defaults are: GeV, cm, rad.
The name of de histograms file must be defined with the data card:
FILE fileName (character) This data card is mandatory; it must be the first,
with the format A4,A2,A25
It is possible to set the max allowed step size STEMAX,
via the data card:
STEPMX stepmax (in cm)
(However this value will be taken into account only if auto=0)
examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm3/geant3/g4mat/README
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This program compare the Geant3 and Geant4 dE/dx tables.
The Geant4 values are read as ffread data cards, as they are printed out
by TestEm3, according the standard Geant3 binning.
One must complete by hand the data cards KINE and MATE; see the file lead.dat
as an example.
The Geant3 values are computed within this program.
The g4-g3 differences are ploted in the file plmat.paw
% cd geant3/g4mat
% gmakeB to make an executable (Batch version)
% gmakeT to make an executable (inTeractive version)
To execute:
% cd geant3/g4mat
% $G4SYSTEM/g4mat.xb (for batch) or g4mat.xt (for interactive)
The program will ask:
G3 > gives the filename of the data cards to be read:
lead.dat (XXX.dat)