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Applied Data Analysis and Machine Learning
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Review of Statistics with Resampling Techniques and Linear Algebra
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2. Linear Algebra, Handling of Arrays and more Python Features
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From Regression to Support Vector Machines
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3. Linear Regression
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4. Ridge and Lasso Regression
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Decision Trees, Ensemble Methods and Boosting
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Dimensionality Reduction
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11. Basic ideas of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
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12. Clustering and Unsupervised Learning
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Deep Learning Methods
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13. Neural networks
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14. Building a Feed Forward Neural Network
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15. Solving Differential Equations with Deep Learning
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Weekly material, notes and exercises
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Exercises week 34
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Week 34: Introduction to the course, Logistics and Practicalities
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Exercises week 35
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Week 35: From Ordinary Linear Regression to Ridge and Lasso Regression
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Exercises week 36
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Week 36: Statistical interpretation of Linear Regression and Resampling techniques
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Exercises week 37
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Week 37: Statistical interpretations and Resampling Methods
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Exercises week 38
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Week 38: Logistic Regression and Optimization
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Exercises week 39
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Week 39: Optimization and Gradient Methods
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Week 40: Gradient descent methods (continued) and start Neural networks
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Exercises week 41
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Week 41 Neural networks and constructing a neural network code
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<h1>Exercises week 41</h1>
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<h1>Exercises week 41<a class="headerlink" href="#exercises-week-41" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p><strong>October 9-13, 2023</strong></p>
<p>Date: <strong>Deadline is Sunday October 15 at midnight</strong></p>
<div class="section" id="overarching-aims-of-the-exercises-this-week">
<h2>Overarching aims of the exercises this week<a class="headerlink" href="#overarching-aims-of-the-exercises-this-week" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The aim of the exercises this week is to get started with implementing
gradient methods of relevance for project 2. This exercise will also
be continued next week with the addition of automatic differentation.
Everything you develop here will be used in project 2.</p>
<p>In order to get started, we will now replace in our standard ordinary
least squares (OLS) and Ridge regression codes (from project 1) the
matrix inversion algorithm with our own gradient descent (GD) and SGD
codes. You can use the Franke function or the terrain data from
project 1. <strong>However, we recommend using a simpler function like</strong>
<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(f(x)=a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2\)</span> or higher-order one-dimensional polynomials.
You can obviously test your final codes against for example the Franke
function.</p>
<p>You should include in your analysis of the GD and SGD codes the following elements</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>A plain gradient descent with a fixed learning rate (you will need to tune it) using the analytical expression of the gradients</p></li>
<li><p>Add momentum to the plain GD code and compare convergence with a fixed learning rate (you may need to tune the learning rate), again using the analytical expression of the gradients.</p></li>
<li><p>Repeat these steps for stochastic gradient descent with mini batches and a given number of epochs. Use a tunable learning rate as discussed in the lectures from week 39. Discuss the results as functions of the various parameters (size of batches, number of epochs etc)</p></li>
<li><p>Implement the Adagrad method in order to tune the learning rate. Do this with and without momentum for plain gradient descent and SGD.</p></li>
<li><p>Add RMSprop and Adam to your library of methods for tuning the learning rate.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>The lecture notes from “weeks 39 and 40 contain more information and code examples. Feel free to use these examples.</p>
<p>In summary, you should
perform an analysis of the results for OLS and Ridge regression as
function of the chosen learning rates, the number of mini-batches and
epochs as well as algorithm for scaling the learning rate. You can
also compare your own results with those that can be obtained using
for example <strong>Scikit-Learn</strong>s various SGD options. Discuss your
results. For Ridge regression you need now to study the results as functions of the hyper-parameter <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\lambda\)</span> and
the learning rate <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\eta\)</span>. Discuss your results.</p>
<p>You will need your SGD code for the setup of the Neural Network and
Logistic Regression codes. You will find the Python <a class="reference external" href="https://seaborn.pydata.org/generated/seaborn.heatmap.html">Seaborn
package</a>
useful when plotting the results as function of the learning rate
<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\eta\)</span> and the hyper-parameter <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\lambda\)</span> when you use Ridge
regression.</p>
<p>We recommend reading chapter 8 on optimization from the textbook of <a class="reference external" href="https://www.deeplearningbook.org/">Goodfellow, Bengio and Courville</a>. This chapter contains many useful insights and discussions on the optimization part of machine learning.</p>
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