Some selected typos
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@@ -2830,7 +2830,7 @@ classes).
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The goal is to predict the
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output classes from the design matrix $X\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times p}$
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made of $n$ samples, each of which bears $p$ features. Of cours e the
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made of $n$ samples, each of which bears $p$ features. The
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primary goal is to identify the classes to which new unseen samples
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belong.
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@@ -2850,7 +2850,18 @@ $\mathbf{x}_i = (1,\boldsymbol{x}_i)$ and $\mathbf{w}_i = (b_0,\boldsymbol{w}_i)
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!split
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===== Some selected properties =====
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This function takes values on the entire real axis. In the case of logistic regression, however, the labels $y_i$ are discrete variables. One simple way to get a discrete output is to have sign functions that map the output of a linear regressor to $\{0,1\}$, $f(s_i)=$ sign$(s_i) = 1$ if $s_i\ge 0$ and 0 if otherwise. Indeed, this is commonly known as the ``perceptron" in the machine learning literature. This model is extremely simple, and it is favorable in many cases (e.g. noisy data) to have a ``soft" classifier that outputs the probability of a given category. For example, given $\mathbf{x}_i$, the classifier outputs the probability of being in category $m$. One such function is the logistic (or sigmoid) function:
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This function takes values on the entire real axis. In the case of
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logistic regression, however, the labels $y_i$ are discrete
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variables. One simple way to get a discrete output is to have sign
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functions that map the output of a linear regressor to $\{0,1\}$,
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$f(s_i)=sign(s_i)=1$ if $s_i\ge 0$ and 0 if otherwise. Indeed,
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this is commonly known as the ``perceptron" in the machine learning
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literature. This model is extremely simple, and it is favorable in
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many cases (e.g. noisy data) to have a ``soft" classifier that outputs
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the probability of a given category. For example, given
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$\mathbf{x}_i$, the classifier outputs the probability of being in
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category $m$. One such function is the logistic (or sigmoid) function:
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!bt
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\begin{equation}
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f(s) = \frac{1}{1+\mathrm e^{-s}}.
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