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@@ -275,7 +275,34 @@ const thebe_selector_output = ".output, .cell_output"
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<li class="toctree-l1">
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<a class="reference internal" href="week36.html">
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Week 36: Linear Rgeression and Statistical interpretations
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Week 36: Linear Regression and Statistical interpretations
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</a>
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<li class="toctree-l1">
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<a class="reference internal" href="exercisesweek37.html">
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Exercises week 37
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1">
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<a class="reference internal" href="week37.html">
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Week 37: Statistical interpretations and Resampling Methods
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<li class="toctree-l1">
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<a class="reference internal" href="exercisesweek38.html">
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Exercises week 38
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p aria-level="2" class="caption" role="heading">
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<span class="caption-text">
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Projects
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</span>
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</p>
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<ul class="nav bd-sidenav">
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<li class="toctree-l1">
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<a class="reference internal" href="project1.html">
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Project 1 on Machine Learning, deadline October 7 (midnight), 2024
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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@@ -679,10 +706,10 @@ covariance matrix through the <strong>np.linalg.eig()</strong> function.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-0.046842629321028326
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3.909446359461397
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[[0.76681867 2.32238906]
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[2.32238906 8.10983159]]
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>-0.1477190177681485
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3.5426270409877345
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[[1.01393496 3.02432309]
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[3.02432309 9.86643649]]
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</pre></div>
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@@ -722,10 +749,10 @@ a more brute force way. Here we scale the mean values for each column of the des
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>0.0798590438380667
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1.270350130579073
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[[1. 0.58734026]
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[0.58734026 1. ]]
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>0.08793554992813543
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1.9271707090281667
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[[1. 0.6690108]
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[0.6690108 1. ]]
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -754,30 +781,30 @@ this matrix we easily see that it is a positive definite matrix.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[[-0.34565973 -1.4704785 ]
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[-0.29669702 -0.75437273]
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[ 1.05100602 2.13022421]
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[ 0.40103689 3.11022072]
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[ 0.01591047 -0.05087888]
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[-0.89261577 -1.74947597]
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[-0.21796226 -0.62901905]
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[-0.5961905 -2.9242511 ]
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[ 0.39428522 1.65208925]
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[ 0.48688666 0.68594205]]
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[[-0.95395895 -3.11535632]
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[ 1.05641352 3.6533977 ]
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[ 0.801356 4.56475921]
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[-0.69136414 -1.7642448 ]
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[ 0.68822559 0.63896182]
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[ 0.30916988 1.25233253]
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[ 0.10008326 0.10539984]
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[-0.52155823 -1.85777073]
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[ 0.24377554 0.94616709]
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[-1.03214247 -4.42364634]]
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0 1
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0 -0.345660 -1.470478
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1 -0.296697 -0.754373
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2 1.051006 2.130224
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3 0.401037 3.110221
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4 0.015910 -0.050879
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5 -0.892616 -1.749476
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6 -0.217962 -0.629019
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7 -0.596190 -2.924251
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8 0.394285 1.652089
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9 0.486887 0.685942
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0 1
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0 1.00000 0.87078
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1 0.87078 1.00000
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0 -0.953959 -3.115356
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1 1.056414 3.653398
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2 0.801356 4.564759
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3 -0.691364 -1.764245
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4 0.688226 0.638962
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5 0.309170 1.252333
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6 0.100083 0.105400
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7 -0.521558 -1.857771
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8 0.243776 0.946167
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9 -1.032142 -4.423646
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0 1
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0 1.000000 0.947607
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1 0.947607 1.000000
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -834,37 +861,37 @@ this matrix we easily see that it is a positive definite matrix.</p>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 \
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0 0.0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
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1 0.0 0.078785 0.081798 0.081422 0.083540 0.085693 0.075398 0.077082
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2 0.0 0.081798 0.085346 0.084157 0.086550 0.088986 0.077522 0.079381
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3 0.0 0.081422 0.084157 0.090290 0.092347 0.094426 0.087176 0.088908
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4 0.0 0.083540 0.086550 0.092347 0.094577 0.096837 0.088893 0.090751
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5 0.0 0.085693 0.088986 0.094426 0.096837 0.099287 0.090623 0.092613
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6 0.0 0.075398 0.077522 0.087176 0.088893 0.090623 0.086538 0.088061
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7 0.0 0.077082 0.079381 0.088908 0.090751 0.092613 0.088061 0.089682
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8 0.0 0.078824 0.081308 0.090696 0.092672 0.094671 0.089629 0.091353
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9 0.0 0.080630 0.083309 0.092544 0.094659 0.096803 0.091246 0.093078
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10 0.0 0.068605 0.070202 0.081597 0.082978 0.084362 0.082661 0.083943
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11 0.0 0.070006 0.071729 0.083096 0.084574 0.086059 0.084022 0.085383
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12 0.0 0.071462 0.073318 0.084650 0.086230 0.087822 0.085431 0.086875
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13 0.0 0.072976 0.074973 0.086263 0.087951 0.089654 0.086890 0.088422
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14 0.0 0.074552 0.076697 0.087938 0.089739 0.091561 0.088402 0.090025
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1 0.0 0.079977 0.079947 0.079510 0.081431 0.083259 0.070891 0.072689
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2 0.0 0.079947 0.081195 0.081235 0.083734 0.086125 0.073415 0.075557
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3 0.0 0.079510 0.081235 0.084255 0.086970 0.089578 0.078324 0.080630
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4 0.0 0.081431 0.083734 0.086970 0.090033 0.092982 0.081221 0.083765
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5 0.0 0.083259 0.086125 0.089578 0.092982 0.096270 0.084018 0.086799
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6 0.0 0.070891 0.073415 0.078324 0.081221 0.084018 0.074971 0.077341
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7 0.0 0.072689 0.075557 0.080630 0.083765 0.086799 0.077341 0.079887
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8 0.0 0.074531 0.077736 0.082971 0.086346 0.089619 0.079739 0.082464
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9 0.0 0.076418 0.079959 0.085353 0.088970 0.092486 0.082173 0.085079
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10 0.0 0.062300 0.065028 0.070886 0.073685 0.076396 0.069322 0.071578
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11 0.0 0.063862 0.066824 0.072817 0.075794 0.078684 0.071279 0.073672
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12 0.0 0.065482 0.068680 0.074807 0.077965 0.081038 0.073288 0.075822
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13 0.0 0.067164 0.070600 0.076859 0.080205 0.083465 0.075356 0.078035
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14 0.0 0.068912 0.072590 0.078981 0.082519 0.085973 0.077486 0.080316
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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0 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
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1 0.078824 0.080630 0.068605 0.070006 0.071462 0.072976 0.074552
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2 0.081308 0.083309 0.070202 0.071729 0.073318 0.074973 0.076697
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3 0.090696 0.092544 0.081597 0.083096 0.084650 0.086263 0.087938
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4 0.092672 0.094659 0.082978 0.084574 0.086230 0.087951 0.089739
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5 0.094671 0.096803 0.084362 0.086059 0.087822 0.089654 0.091561
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6 0.089629 0.091246 0.082661 0.084022 0.085431 0.086890 0.088402
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7 0.091353 0.093078 0.083943 0.085383 0.086875 0.088422 0.090025
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8 0.093132 0.094970 0.085259 0.086782 0.088361 0.090000 0.091700
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9 0.094970 0.096928 0.086611 0.088222 0.089892 0.091627 0.093429
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10 0.085259 0.086611 0.080195 0.081374 0.082592 0.083851 0.085152
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11 0.086782 0.088222 0.081374 0.082619 0.083906 0.085237 0.086615
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12 0.088361 0.089892 0.082592 0.083906 0.085265 0.086673 0.088130
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13 0.090000 0.091627 0.083851 0.085237 0.086673 0.088160 0.089702
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14 0.091700 0.093429 0.085152 0.086615 0.088130 0.089702 0.091331
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1 0.074531 0.076418 0.062300 0.063862 0.065482 0.067164 0.068912
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2 0.077736 0.079959 0.065028 0.066824 0.068680 0.070600 0.072590
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3 0.082971 0.085353 0.070886 0.072817 0.074807 0.076859 0.078981
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4 0.086346 0.088970 0.073685 0.075794 0.077965 0.080205 0.082519
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5 0.089619 0.092486 0.076396 0.078684 0.081038 0.083465 0.085973
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6 0.079739 0.082173 0.069322 0.071279 0.073288 0.075356 0.077486
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7 0.082464 0.085079 0.071578 0.073672 0.075822 0.078035 0.080316
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8 0.085222 0.088023 0.073858 0.076091 0.078386 0.080747 0.083182
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9 0.088023 0.091015 0.076167 0.078544 0.080987 0.083501 0.086095
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10 0.073858 0.076167 0.065149 0.067003 0.068903 0.070855 0.072863
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11 0.076091 0.078544 0.067003 0.068967 0.070980 0.073048 0.075177
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12 0.078386 0.080987 0.068903 0.070980 0.073109 0.075298 0.077553
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13 0.080747 0.083501 0.070855 0.073048 0.075298 0.077613 0.079998
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14 0.083182 0.086095 0.072863 0.075177 0.077553 0.079998 0.082518
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -1053,10 +1080,10 @@ We can write our own code or simply use either the functionaly of <strong>numpy<
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> 0 1
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0 4.034057 2.045548
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1 2.045548 2.024217
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[[4.03405654 2.04554803]
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[2.04554803 2.02421742]]
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0 3.970827 1.972533
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1 1.972533 1.968650
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[[3.97082748 1.97253307]
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[1.97253307 1.96865004]]
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -1083,8 +1110,8 @@ Our own code here is not very elegant and asks for obvious improvements. It is t
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Centered covariance using own code
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[[4.03405654 2.04554803]
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[2.04554803 2.02421742]]
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[[3.97082748 1.97253307]
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[1.97253307 1.96865004]]
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<img alt="_images/chapter8_65_1.png" src="_images/chapter8_65_1.png" />
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@@ -1144,16 +1171,16 @@ questions.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Eigenvalues of Covariance matrix
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5.30820040103372
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0.7500735612987705
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5.181766185664273
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0.7577113351177733
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First eigenvector
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[0.84880366 0.52870818]
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[0.85222243 0.52317963]
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Second eigenvector
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[-0.52870818 0.84880366]
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[-0.52317963 0.85222243]
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Eigenvector of largest eigenvalue
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[-0.84880366 -0.52870818]
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[0.85222243 0.52317963]
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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@@ -1494,9 +1521,7 @@ Here we compute performance scores on the training data using logistic regressio
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</div>
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<div class="cell_output docutils container">
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Train set accuracy from Logistic Regression: 0.95
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Train set accuracy scaled data: 0.99
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Train set accuracy scaled data: 0.99
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Train set accuracy scaled and PCA data: 0.96
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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